A Study on Singapore Grand Prix - 13290 Words

SINGAPORE POLYTECHNIC School of Architecture and the Built Environment Diploma in Integrated Events and Projects Management Events and Project Management: A Study on Singapore Grand Prix Sim Pin Yi P0932666 Benjamin Daron Phoon Wei Ji P0962331 Cynthia Teo P0933625 Year of Study: Year 3, 2011/2012 Project Facilitator: Mrs Alvena Sam Contents Abstract 5 Acknowledgement 6 Chapter 1- Introduction to Project 7 1.1Brief of Project 7 1.2 Scope of Work 7 1.3 Objectives 9 Chapter 2- Situational Analysis of Singapore Grand Prix (Part One) 10 2.0 Singapore Grand Prix 10 2.1 History of Singapore Grand Prix 10 2.2 Reborn of Singapore Grand Prix 11 2.3 Editions of FORMULA 1 SingTel Singapore Grand Prix 11 2.3.1 Inaugural†¦show more content†¦The project also consists of a comprehensive marketing plan that details what Singapore Grand Prix is doing right with additional explanations of target markets and suggestions for the future editions if the contract for the race is renewed. Last but not least, this project also encompasses the project management component of the construction of the Pit Entry Corporate Suites adjacent to the Formula One Pit Building. The project management component would include the Environmental Safety and Health of the work and basically how the temporary event structure is built. As a result, we had greater understanding of the relationship between topics in academia learnt in the project management modules and industry practices in a real life management process. Acknowledgement We would like to sincerely thank and acknowledge Kingsmen Creatives Ltd for granting us the opportunity to be part of this memorable Singapore Grand Prix 2011, granting us access to the most unlikely parts of the race venue. Also, Mr Patrick Wong, Senior Operations Manager of Kingsmen Creatives Ltd for his help of disseminating information and imparting his knowledge of the various aspects of the construction process of the suites. We would also like to thank Mrs Alvena Sam for all her guidance and continual support throughout the entire duration of the project. Last but not least, we would like to thank anyone who had contributed and helped usShow MoreRelatedShangri-La Pest Analysis1250 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Singapore government has always been in favour of the tourism sector. In fact, Singapore Tourism Board (STB) launched a $90million BOOST (building on opportunities to strengthen tourism) for the tourism sector). The initiative help pushed the industry through tough times by assisting MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conventions, Exhibition) companies to alleviate their business costs (Singapore Tourism Board, 2009). Not too long ago, the Singapore government cooperated with Indonesia to developRead MoreShangri-La Pest Analysis1262 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical Singapore government has always been in favour of the tourism sector. 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The Creation of a Serial Killer Nature vs. Nurture Essay

â€Å"Serial killers are human black holes; they scare us because they mirror us,† spoke Shirley Lynn Scott, known author and psychologist. This stands true throughout history, as most serial killers blend in with society. Serial killing is formally defined by the FBI as â€Å"a series of three or more killings, having common characteristics such as to suggest the reasonable possibility that the crimes were committed by the same actor or actors.† But what exactly drives someone to kill another human being? What plays as a more drastic motivator for their actions, nature or nurture? Nature refers, in this case, to how the subject is genetically made-up. It is the belief of many researchers that damage to the brain or front lobe causes the violent†¦show more content†¦Ted Bundy is known for charismatic personality, good looks, and charm; he is also known as the most organized murderer to have lived. Bundy would lure woman to his car using a number of excuses; he was handicap or else lost. Because he was so charming women would feel at ease around him and go where he asked. Once at his car, Bundy would grab and restrain the woman. He would then drive to a different location where he would beat and rape the woman until death. Finally he would drive to yet ANOTHER location to dispose of the body. In February 1978, Ted Bundy was finally captured and interviewed. As a child, raised by his grandparents, he showed no signs of previous abuse or neglect. He was raised well and sociable during high school where classmates report that he was well liked. After further analysis, Bundy was presumed to have low activity to his orbital frontal cortex; this is the part of the brain in charge of the conscious, and the â€Å"right or wrong† factor. This is not to say that Bundy had a deficiency that prevented him from knowing what he was doing. Just merely a common abnormality that should be noted. Bundy’s case supports the idea that an individ ual’s makeup can have an effect on their actions. Additionally, in 1915 certified behavior psychologist Sigmund Freud claimed that active stimuli in humans push them into action and that these active stimuli are emanating within the organism and penetrating to theShow MoreRelatedChild Development: Heredity and Environment1240 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween nature versus nurture or even environment versus heredity leads to the question of: does the direct environment or the nature surrounding an adolescent directly influence acts of delinquency, later progressing further into more radical crimes such as murder or psychotic manifestation, or is it directly linked to the hereditary traits and genes passed down from that individual adolescent’s biological parents? To answer this question one must first understand the difference between nature, nurtureRead MoreSerial Killers: Are They Born Or Made?. 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The tragedy is he (as well as all the other people the monster comes in contact with) fails to see the good in his creation that is obviously there. If Dr. FrankensteinRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesRECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUALITY OF PRODUCTIVITY Underlying many of these conditions is the Internet (now almost universally understood as multipurpose technology), which has the potential to help define business effectiveness both in the creation of new products and in terms of new productivity. This goes well beyond digitizing businesses. Instead, it confronts established companies with basic demands for innovation that extend far beyond technology, particularly in terms of how to traverseRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesProduction Concept The production concept prevailed from the time of the industrial revolution until the early 1920 s. 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Lot of problems Free Essays

People of Choral are facing lot of problems due to lack of bridge. Ferry service Is available till 2. 00 am and if there is any medical emergency, people have to face lot of problems. We will write a custom essay sample on Lot of problems or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is noticed that many women’s at the time of their pregnancy had stayed outside Choral with fear. A long queue Is found waiting for ferry. There are lots of fights amongst the people. Many people from Blowhole, Mayhem sides use this ferry for coming to Pianism. One can see fights between villagers from Choral and the outsiders. The persons who are most affected are the students. Students have to Walt or many hours at ferry stop because of which they reach late. BENEFITS Benefits which Islanders will get from the construction of bridge are:- Choral Island will be developed. Transport problem will be automatically solved. The pressure that Choral ferry has to bear will be reduced. Etc If this ferry is used for tourists who come to enjoy scenic beauty of Choral Island, huge revenue can be earned by the government. After completion of this bridge the distance from Pianism to Bucolic will be reduced by around km and hence pressure on Mona Bridge will be reduced. All these benefits will depend on, from which way the bridge will be instructed. Government has proposed construction of bridge from different sides. Government has presently planned to construct bridge Joining Choral to Sally village, which has been agreed by all villagers. But the villagers from Sally are opposing this bridge. According to them Khan land will be reduced. Traffic problem will be caused leading to k-joss in their own village. Some people of Choral are also of the opinion that, after construction of the bridge, Choral village will lose its identity. According to some environmentalist Choral bird century will be affected. One person from the village said that, he is so much fed up of this issue that, he does not want construction of bridge. As according to him, it will only remain as a dream. Shawls Scotchman : Salvo Scotchman: Conclusion : Dallas Earmarked According to me, Choral Bridge Is Just a vote bank Issue used by our politicians. They do not view It as a development activity rather Is a Just dream of Islanders. CHORAL BRIDGE By Skirts-Scotchman People of Choral are facing lot of problems due to lack of bridge. Ferry service is outside Choral with fear. A long queue is found waiting for ferry. There are lots of sights amongst the people. Many people from Bucolic, Mayhem sides use this ferry for coming to Pianism. One can see fights between villagers from Choral and the outsiders. The persons who are most affected are the students. Students have to wait Benefits which islanders will get from the construction of bridge are:- earned by the government. After completion of this bridge the distance from Pianism Cashing Scotchman : Disk’s Earmarked According to me, Choral Bridge is Just a vote bank issue used by our politicians. They do not view it as a development activity rather is a Just dream of islanders. How to cite Lot of problems, Papers

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics free essay sample

Running head: DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 1 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 2 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Descriptive and inferential statistics are incredibly similar forms of research testing within psychology. Each seeks to analyze, describe, and possibly predict a population’s behavior. As with psychology itself, statistical analysis within psychology began as a philosophy (Goodwin, 2008). This philosophy quickly turned to a scientific pursuit, again mirroring psychology itself. A person observes, and wonders why that event occurred. That person makes a guess, known as forming a hypothesis, then he or she observes the situation again making small changes to test the theory. Once the determination that the behavior or occurrence is prevalent in a population for which the statistical study is relevant it is given a level of probability (A. Aron, E. Aron, Coups, 2009). Statistics has two branches descriptive and inferential, and both branches use fundamental concepts as measurements of predictability. We will write a custom essay sample on Descriptive and Inferential Statistics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The predictability or probability of an event or behavior is determined through values, variables, and scores. Statistics would be redundant if data given by considerable surveys’ and testing were simple to interpret. However, the mass of information concerning a sample of a parameter used in inferential statistics, and a parameter used in descriptive statistics has become the easiest known way to interpret data (University of California, 1998). Expressed differently, raw data are difficult to visualize and translate into descriptive or inferential statistics (Leard Statistics, 2010). Properly interpreting data and graphing it in an easily understandable truthful manner is the major function in descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive Statistics Descriptive statistics summarize numbers in a set of data, such as mean or median, and values, or scores (A. Aron, E. Aron, Coups, 2009). Descriptive statistics are used when data DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 3 are to be analyzed in a small sample of research, which will not include the entire population. As the name implies, statistics give psychologists the ability to understand easily the collection of numbers they are researching. This is made possible because histograms, frequency tables, charts, and pictures enhance the data provided. To display numbers in a visually appealing manner, research becomes easier, and there is less room for error. Descriptive statistics focus on the research of a small section of the population provides information about the sample population. Inferential statistics; however broadens the use of these samples, to make inferences about the entire population. Inferential statistics and descriptive statics go hand in hand. Without descriptive statistics, researchers would not have small samples of population to make inferences about the entire population. Inferential statistics use methods such as random selection and probability to determine data needed for research (A. Aron, E. Aron, Coups, 2009). These two branches of statistics could work well together if an entire state was debating on whether or not to allow gay marriage. Using this as an example, descriptive statistics would target one specific area of the state, possibly as small as half a city. The researchers would survey the population in this area, and collect the descriptive data from around the state to infer what the entire state thought about gay marriage. The researchers would have a ton of descriptive data, which they could randomly select from, and based on probability they could produce a statistic about the state’s thoughts. Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics are sample scores that researchers collect during a research study. The scores (data) collected allow the researcher to establish conclusions and make inferences about the research study. The inferences made on the research study are obtained by using a relatively small group of participants. Although only a small group of participants are in the DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 4 study, the outcome of the research study makes inferences about a much larger group of people (A. Aron, E. Aron, Coups, 2009). Additionally, when using inferential statistics the inferences about the research study exceeds the numbers collected in the study (A. Aron, E. Aron, Coups, 2009). Therefore, the inferences communicate exactly how reliable data collected for the research study is. The inferences in inferential statistics also convey how significant the information collected is. The information researchers gather for their study only shows a sampling of the group of participants that the researchers use. This sampling used must vary enough to be representative of the reliability and significance of the research study (â€Å"Research Methods,† n. d. ). There also must not be much variation in the data (scores) obtained for the study. When using inferential statistics the researcher must prove that the results of the study are not based on chance or the outcome leads to chance (â€Å"Research Methods,† n. d. ). Ideally, if the result is a probability, the researcher’s observation of the difference would be statistically significant (â€Å"Research Methods,† n. d. ). The difference would be the difference in the variables used in the study. Researchers must use descriptive statistics to establish a research study that is statistically significant. The use of descriptive statistics provides the researchers with a summary and organization of data used (â€Å"Research Methods,† n. d. ). The researchers use histograms to make a visual representation of the use of data in the study (â€Å"Research Methods,† n. d. ). Therefore, it is palpable that the use of inferential statistics is another measure of analyzing and interpreting numerical data collected in a research study. DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 5 Conclusion Statistics are an important part of almost every field of research study, which includes medicine, psychology, physics, and many others. The only way to gain information and knowledge about scientific outcomes is to study and observe them. When we achieve results from a research study, we are using statistics. Researchers use two types of statistics descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Both types of statistics help researchers to comprehend data that they have collected. Statistics are important and are in use every day without people even knowing that they are using it. Research is extremely important to understanding the world we live in, and after compiling the research data collected, we can put our data into a statistic form for everyone to understand. DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 6 References Aron, A. , Aron, E. N. , Coups, E. (2009). Statistics for psychology (5th ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall California State University. 1998). Definition of Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Retrieved from http://www. scudh. edu/dearhabermas/stat2f98. htm Goodwin, C. J. (2008). A history of modern psychology (3rd ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Leard Statistics. (2010). Descriptive and Inferential Statistics. Retrieved from http://statistics. laerd. com/statistical-guides/descriptive-inferential-statistics. php Research Methods in Psychology. (n. d. ). Retrieved August 8, 2011, from http://www. sparknotes. com/psychology/psych101/researchmethods/section5. rhtml

Loui Vuitton In India Essay Example

Loui Vuitton: In India Essay Louis Vuitton Louis Vuitton: Going Global LV the French brand, started entering global markets in 1885 with its first flagship store opened in Oxford street London. LV started with leather products then. LV concentrated then not on further expansion but on the product range. LV participated in the Universal Exhibition in Paris. In 1888 the company came up its registered trademark. In 1896 worldwide patent was created with the signature monogram canvas. After the death of Loui Vuitton in 1892 George Vuitton took over. George Vuitton initiated steps to get the company as a globally recognized corporation. He targeted the European markets by travelling in main cities and selling his products there. After creating a channel of networking in the Europe, George Vuitton shifted his direction to US. He saw huge growth prospects in US and his first step was to participate in Chicago World Fair in 1893. Later, he travelled extensively in US cities selling his product. The patenting of LV products helped in stopping counterfeiting in the global markets. George Vuitton relocated the paris flagship store from N04 Rue Neuve des Capucines to Champs Elys? ©es, in 1914 which is now known as the shoppers paradise for luxury brand stores . This store was then the biggest retail store for travel goods in the world. This was one of the pivotal turning points of making the LV brand, as travellers from US, Europe Asia started to go for it. Paris started going crazy with this store as the rich people from middle east, Rulers of the world including Kings from India became loyalists and the sales was flourishing as a premium brand. We will write a custom essay sample on Loui Vuitton: In India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Loui Vuitton: In India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Loui Vuitton: In India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer All the production was done in France only for every market. No company owned stores were opened but extensive distribution was done on the best markets in Europe and US. It was soon followed to the Asian markets including Bombay. George Vuitton expires in 1936 and his son Gaston-Louis Vuitton takes charge of the company. In 1954 which marked the 100th Anniversary of LV it launched an other flagship store in Avenue Marceau which marked the centenary celebrations of the company. New models were being tried and bought into market with peculiar and luxury designs which included bags. With 100 years of experience LV had created a respect in the market for its excellent craftsmanship and innovations adding to the products. The LV enters the Asian market with the first exclusive store opened in Osaka and Tokyo in Japan in 1978. And then followed by a tore in Singapore in 1979. After having a mark in the Asian Market with the store in Japan and Singapore, it planned its strategy to further enter into the Asian Markets including China. In 1983 the company hosted a yacht race where it was held as the Loui vuitton cup. In 1980s the company got listed in Paris and New York Stock Exchanges. In this decade LV and Moet hennesy formed the luxury conglomerate. By the end of 1980s LV had 130 stores through out the globe and the profit of the company was rising with an average of 40% growth consistently. The product line started including all leather goods from Trunks to small wallets. Monogram Canvas period, big celebrations were hosted in 7 big cities of the world. Its associating with the art even added more loyalists to the brand. Currently LV has 1 500 flagship stores globally with its own e-commerce platform of sale adding to the network. It is the worlds biggest luxury brand and a multi national corporation. The production houses have expanded from France to US, Italy, Spain and Switzerland. But leather goods production houses are only in France and Italy. Aisha Walker who Joins as the artistic director in 1997 brings first line of clothing for both men and women. What ifferentiates L V from its competitors are its product quality and prestige. LVsaw the future of luxury market around the globe. It concentrated on every part of the world. The planning strategy implemented was brilliant when it was taking on globally. The association of its product with the regional artistic and tradition raised the company to heights at a very fast paced then. LV is the first company in luxury industry to see the economic growth of emerging economies such as China and India. Loui Vuitton becomes the tagline of Social Status in the elite classes of the society. Today in China Loui Vuitton is the number one luxury brand. There is no change in the quality of the product irrespective of wherever it is manufactured. Quality benchmarking lays the foundation of LV. On each market, LV takes into account the cultural background and designs the products for the particular region with an influential value of the culture adding to LV. For example, in Japan constant innovation and the involvement of art and culture promotes the product. The price of an LV product remains equal with only a slight variation in changes. By 2001, it enterd into every segment by Joining jewellery industry as well. Loui Vuitton is the biggest luxury brand and is well positioned now Globally. Louis Vuitton in India While casually spending his weekly off, roaming the streets of Delhi, in the busy Connaught place market, Ramnaresh Thorani, the store head of Louie Vuitton, DLF Promenade faced a predicament that he was not hoping to encounter on an off day. It all started when a street hawker who did not look like a salesman offered him a Louie Vuitton wallet for an extremely cheap price, his first thought was obviously that it might be a stolen article, but on closer inspection he could make out that it was a heap knock off which could be felt as soon as he held it in his hand. He took a breath of relief and started moving forward when the hawker again pitched in that he could offer better variants called as the first copies if he was willing to shell in an amount of around 3000-4000 which are the exact replicas of the originals. Thorani couldnt shy away from that offer and followed the hawker into the Palika Bazar where he was shown the much hyped First Copy LW range and to his much displeasure, the wallets were indeed quite similar to the real deal. It was easy for him eing the store manager, to differentiate the fake from the real, by observing the slight dullness in the stamp print or the slight irregularity in the stitching pattern, but apart from that it was very tough for a customer to differentiate the fake and the real, and when there was this cheaper alternative priced at less than 10 percent of the real deal available in the same city, the teething troubles for thorani only his product with the absolute replica of the box that the wallet that Thorani was examining in his hand. Ten minutes later, as Thorani was driving out from the inner circle of the Connaught lace area, his heart was filled with concerned thoughts about his brand in India when LVwas already looking to open more stores in India, especially in Hyderabad and Kolkata. Ever since the brand took its first order from the wife of the then Emperor of the French Napoleon in 1852, the brand has been serving the royal and elite clientele worldwide. Even after over 160 years L V still maintains it image as a powerful luxury brand in the world and for six consecutive years now since 2006 it has been named the worlds most valuable luxury brand. Throughout times LV has een flaunted by big Hollywood celebrities starting from the times of Audrey Hepburn to the more recent times of Kate Moss and Reese Witherspoon. In India, LV used to be the choice of the MaharaJs when over a century ago, they used to order trunks from the French Giant, but now with the demise of royalty in India, the target market has changed. Since, very few people in the country can be dubbed as the super rich apart from celebrities and sportsmen, LV has been eyeing the middle class of the nation as probable buyers and is hopeful that at least thirty three percent of the middle class can be the target market since young professionals and ntrepreneurs have been spending more and more ever since the mall culture evolved in the country. After opening its first store in New Delhi 10 years back in 2003, currently, LV operates 5 stores in India and paved the way for other major brands like Armani, Ferragamo and Gucci in the Indian market and has a record double-digit growth locally making a good profit. Undoubtedly the brand is a big name worldwide and the only way is up Thorani thought to himself, while waiting at the red light. He remembered the words of Yves Carcelle, Chairman CEO of LV, who recently opened the fifth LV store in Chennai nd mentioned that he is well aware that his is the most counterfeited brand in the world but still it is the most ardent when it comes to fighting counterfeiters and the law is adequate to save the interests of LV. Carcelles statement did comfort Thorani a little as he stepped on the gas with the green light but kept on thinking about similar problems that were Just recently discussed at the annual meeting where he was told about other issues being faced by the brand when it came to expansion such as non- availability of store space in hubs like Mumbai where the fashion giant Just has to be ontent with stores in hotels which offers less than 10 percent of the footfall a mall could offer. Even the stores outside the hotels in India on an average are half the average size of a store abroad, where in India the average store size is 3000 square feet as compared to the 6-1 5000 square feet abroad. The counterfeits, the store sizes, the high prices in a country where acoording to a 2010 report still 29. % of the people live below the poverty line were all problems for LV that posed as big threats to sales and with foreign investor norms for single brand retail allowing 100 percent wnership only if 30 percent of the products are sourced locally when the entire portfolio of LV comes from France, the situation only worsened for the fashion giant. parking it and gradually strolled to his house thinking about the rich past, the global and Indian presence of the brand and what might the future hold for the most valuable luxury brand in the world. The case talks about the Journey of Louis Vuitton and its success across the globe. Special emphasis on the Indian presence of the brand as when the company was doing great in its traditional markets of US,Western Europe Japan, it eyed the developing Asian markets as a potential place for investment because of the rising affluence of these markets in terms of growing middle class, developing economy, higher net disposable income of the people, the influence of the West, and India was a hot favourite country as per the expansion point of view. Thus LV entered India with complete expectations of growing in the Indian market in the year 1999. LVs association with the Indian market is from the pre independence time as many maharajas of princely states specially use to place rders to the factories of LV in Paris of leather goods for their cars and leather bags for their vacation purposes so the executives of the brand were of the opinion that this relationship could give them an edge in entering the Indian market as the potential buyers will easily accept the brand variants as they were endorsed by their state kings. Some of the major aspects of the Indian market which were to be considered by LV. India was very firm on not easing or allowing any foreign companies to invest in the country post the privatisation and liberalisation reform of 991, in which a lot of restrictions were eased however the import duties were very high. India was a country of 1 . 3billion people at the time of the entry of LV in the country. Of these 1 . 3billion population more than 70% people use to live in the villages and half of them could not read or write. Another considerable fact was that there was an official ban on leather products in India which was the forte of the brand world over. Moreover the FDI norms were also not eased as the government did not allow 100% Foreign Direct Investment in a retailing venture at that time in multi brand or single brand retailing. It also has to consider the opposition party as they were in the favour of the local retailers and manufacturers and an entrance of any foreign brand will take away the bread and butter of the local producers or manufacturers. Global marketing of LV in India Luxury brands like LV have an advantage of the steadily increasing upper class and an affluent middle class. Moreover another advantage is that more than 50% of the population is under the average age of 25 which gives the brand to educate its future customers and develop their taste for the brand. Another positive aspect for the rand is that the Indian market for luxury brands is growing at a rate of 20% annually. Size of the Indian market Considering the survey done by The National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER), in the year 2001-02 the number of families with an annual income more than Rs 100 million was around 20,000 and the number was expected to rise up till by 2010. According to another report by the World Wealth Report the number of millionaires in dollar was 83000 in India in the year 2005 and the same report also talked about India being the 2nd fastest to grow In terms of high net segment was the class of the new rich. These were the people who had recently got hold of a lot of cash recently and were looking for avenues to spend it. They could have turned into the loyal customers of LV. Another finding of the report was that the market value of the luxury brands in India was $4 billion by 2005 and was expected to be $40 billion by 2025 which also added to the scope for the luxury brands in the Indian market. Considering the above aspects I believe that the Indian market comprises manifold business opportunities especially in the rapidly developing segment of luxury brands. And with such a name and the value that the brand arries internationally it is all the more easy for the brand to grow in such a potential market. Louis Vuitton: Problem in Indias conservative markets Louis Vuitton is trying to market a high-end brand into a low-income nation. The luxury good marketer has been facing many practical problems in India, such as the challenges of identifying potential customers, the lack of media to build its brand and the absence of high streets to open stores. In Europe and the U. S. hese luxury goods are often sold in through by the company-owned stores itself that cluster themselves in a particular area of the city called as the luxury retail cluster. After coming in India, Louis Vuitton opened up a store each inside the two luxury hotels in New Delhi Mumbai itself. Also it has to team up with other western luxury brands so as to develop a hot spot or cluster of luxury brands so as to get in the attractive customers. Another biggest problem being fa ced in India by these luxury brands is shortage of trained manpower. Its been 4 years that Puducherry has been Louis Vuitton is first manufacturing plant in Asia, but recently the French luxury Louis Vuitton has decided to sell its Indian unit toa Chennai-based firm. The prospect of a change of anagement sparked labour was due to 200-odd Indian employees on LADPs rolls going on strike since June 13 demanding that the firm regularize their services before winding up its operations and handing over the unit to the new owners. LADP is now having its two plants?one in Kurumbapet here and the other in Perambai in Tamil Nadu?to manufacture leather components for Louis Vuitton products. The management made a formal announcement about exiting India on June 13, which triggered the labour problem. It was also declared that LADP has set up Jointly by Louis Vuitton and the Puducherry-based leather fashion brand HiDesign. HiDesign did not take a stake in LADP but Louis Vuitton took a 5% stake in HiDesign. Because of this HiDesign has become the major competitor of Louis Vuitton. LADP, which had regularized the services of its administrative staff, had not confirmed the 240 workers on its rolls in the last 4 years. According to the studies; by 2022, the Indian luxury products services sector would require close to around 1. 76 million trained people to work at all levels. There has been a rising wave of urbanization, that Indians are becoming brand conscious also are ready to invest in luxury products. But the growth of luxury companies is not being able to move beyond its niche audience. Luxury brand industry has not yet been able to establish itself beyond a small a 0-30 lakhs is getting long continuously but the reach of luxury brand is slow because the medium for following this trend is limited to a limited section. That is why except for metros like Delhi, Mumbai Bangalore, there is a risk of not attracting enough customers in other cities. Also most of the builders in the past years have shield away from the idea of setting up luxury malls, it was mainly due to risk actors involved in it i. e. catering only the niche market. Most of the builders were not able to follow the international format of luxury malls in terms of infrastructure and ambience. They were only trying to focus on competitive environment which had been the necessity with top notch restaurants, cafes luxurious guest rooms. There were no big retail spaces being available for such luxurious brands. Also because of this reason the rentals for operating these stores are very high. Because of these reasons Famous French brand Louis Vuitton that was having its seven year old store t The Oberoi in New Delhi has shifted to DLF EMPORIO MALL. Pricing of these luxurious brands was also one of the major factors that created problems for these brands to enter in India which now has become such a potential market. The prices of these luxury products contains 30-40% of import duty on them with further addition of VAT i. e. 12. 5% shoots up the prices of these branded products. That is why the brand KENZO owned in by Louis Vuitton in Joint venture which entered in as a franchisee model way only a couple of years back bid goodbye to India due to poor response of sales.

Autism Paper Essay Example

Autism Paper Essay Example Autism Paper Essay Autism Paper Essay Mental Illness 1 Mental Illness Paper Angela Renee Walters University of Phoenix/Axia College Mental Illness 2 I chose the topic of Autism to do my paper on. Since I know so many people that suffer from this mental illness. I am going to explain the history and background of the disease, the signs and symptoms, identify the neurotransmitters associated with autism. I am also going to explain how autism is diagnosed, including the tests and the types of professionals involved. As well as, describe the treatments and how the patientâ„ ¢s environment can either promote or detract from successful treatment and describe how diagnosis and treatment of autism today compares to diagnosis and treatment of the past. The word autism, which has been in use for about 100 years, comes from the Greek word autos, meaning self. The term describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction- hence a isolated self. Eugen Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist, was the first person to use the word. He started using it around 1911 to refer to one group of symptoms of schizophrenia. In the 1940s, researchers in the United States began to use the term autism to describe children with emotional or social problems. Leo Kanner, a doctor from John Hopkins University, used the term to describe the withdrawn behavior of several children that he studied. At about the same time, Hans Asperger, a scientist in Germany, identified a similar condition thatâ„ ¢s now called Aspergerâ„ ¢s syndrome. Autism and schizophrenia remained linked in many researchersâ„ ¢ minds until the 1960s. It was only then that medical professionals began to have a separate understanding of autism in children. From the 1960s through the 1970s, research into treatments for autism focused on medications such as LSD, electric shock, and behavioral change techniques. The latter relied on pain and punishment. During the 1980s and 1990s, the role of behavior therapy and the use of highly controlled learning Mental Illness 3 environments emerged as the primary treatments for many forms of autism and related conditions. Currently, the cornerstone of autism therapy is behavior therapy. Other treatments are added as needed. There are different types of autism. There is Autistic disorder, Pervasive development disorder, Aspergerâ„ ¢s syndrome, Rhett syndrome, and childhood disintegrative disorder. One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others. In fact, some people with autism are unable to communicate or interact at all. Others may have difficulty interpreting body language or holding a conversation. Some other symptoms linked to autism may include unusual behaviors in several different areas. Such as, interest in objects or specialized information, reactions to sensations, and ways of learning. These symptoms are usually seen early in development. Most children with severe autism are diagnosed by the age of three. Some children with milder forms of autism, such as Aspergerâ„ ¢s syndrome, may not be diagnosed until later when their problems with social interaction cause difficulties at school. Many children with autism engage in repetitive movements such as rocking and twirling, or in self-abusive behavior such as biting or head banging. Patients with autism may fail to respond to their name and often avoid eye cont act. They also cannot understand social cues such as tone of voice or facial expressions. Scientists are not certain about what causes autism, but it is likely that both genetics and environment play a role. Researchers have identified a number of genes associated with the disorder. Studies of people with autism have found irregularities in several parts of the brain. Other studies suggest that people with autism have abnormal Mental Illness 4 levels of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain. These abnormalities suggest that autism could result from the disruption of normal brain development early in fetal development caused by defects in genes that control brain growth and that regulate how brain cells communicate with each other, possibly due to the influence of environmental factors on gene function. This is why patients with autism have a hard time communicating and social interactions. Autism varies widely in severity and symptoms and may go unrecognized, especially in mildly affected children or when it is masked by more debilitating handicaps. Very early indicators that require an evaluation by an expert include: no babbling or pointing by the age of one, no single words by 16 months or two-word phrases by the age of two, no response to name, loss of language or social skills, poor eye contact, excessive lining up of toys or objects, and no smiling or social responsiveness. Later indicators include: impaired ability to make friends with peers, impaired ability to initiate or sustain a conversation with others, absence or impairment of imaginative and social play, stereotyped, repetitive, or unusual use of language, restricted patterns of interest that are abnormal in intensity or focus, preoccupation with subjects or objects, and inflexible adherence to specific routines or rituals. Health care providers will often use a questionnaire or other screening instrumen ts to gather information about a childâ„ ¢s development and behavior. Some screening instruments rely solely on parent observations, while others rely on a combination of parent and doctor observation. If screening instruments indicate the possibility of autism a more comprehensive evaluation is usually indicated. A comprehensive evaluation requires a multidisciplinary team, Mental Illness 5 including a psychologist, neurologist, psychiatrist, speech therapist, and other professionals that diagnose children with autism. The team members will conduct a thorough neurological assessment and in-depth cognitive and language testing. Because hearing problems can cause behaviors that can be mistaken for autism. There is no cure for autism. Therapies and behavioral interventions are designed to remedy specific symptoms and can bring out substantial improvement. The ideal treatment coordinates therapies with interventions that meet the specific needs of each individual child. One treatment option is education/behavioral interventions. Therapist use highly structured and intensive skill-oriented training sessions to help children develop social and language skills, such as Applied Behavioral Analysis. Family counseling for the parents and siblings of children with autism often helps families cope with the particular challenges of living with a child with autism. Another treatment option is medications. Doctors may prescribe medications for treatment of specific autism-related symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Antipsychotic are used to treat severe behavioral problems. Seizures can be treated with one or more anticonvulsant drugs. Medication used to treat people with attention deficit disorder can be used effectively to help decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity. Also physical therapy and occupational therapy may need to be used. It is extremely important that a patientâ„ ¢s environment be controlled. Patientâ„ ¢s with autism do better with a daily routine or schedule. The parents of the patientâ„ ¢s need to make sure that treatment is followed exactly as instructed and that their environment stays the same. Because if not it can cause the patient to get worse or retract and make the condition worse than it already Mental Illness 6 is. With a positive home life and environment patients with autism can get better. It is very important that the parents stay supportive of their special needs child. Diagnosis and treatments today are much better compared to the past when autism first came about. In the past they used harsh treatments such as electric-shock therapy and very painful techniques. Also many patientâ„ ¢s were locked away in psych wards and misdiagnosed. Today we have much better diagnosis and treatments to help patients with the disease. We have teams of doctors that work closely with each other and the parents of the patientâ„ ¢s to make sure that the right treatment is working. The diagnosis is much less painful. The treatment options today are much more individualized to each patientâ„ ¢s symptoms and specific needs. Considering that there are many forms of autism and each patientâ„ ¢s symptoms are different. We also have a variety of medications available now to treat many different symptoms. Mental Illness 7 References: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Last updated: November 4, 2011. Autism Fact Sheet. Retrieved from: ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm WebMD, LLC. 2005-2011. Autism Spectrum Disorders. Retrieved from: webmd.com/brain/autism/history-of-autismpage=2

Differences between Leadership and Management and Three Assignment

Differences between Leadership and Management and Three Characteristics of Each Concept - Assignment Example The paper tells that three main characteristics that go, to sum up, the position of manager are that they are impersonal, efficient and focus their attention and energy on the short-term results for the organization besides being efficient, orderly and open to taking risks. On the leadership front, the three chief characteristics they possess would be are flexibility, innovation and their objectives and strategies would focus on long-term goals. Though their goals may be the same, the marked difference is that leaders concern themselves with what things mean to people, while managers concern themselves about how to get people to make them perform better to achieve their goals. In the managerial cadre, there are different levels and the skills and responsibilities that go with it. Each level has its own purpose and goals to achieve or satisfy a particular level. However, all managers share common ground on certain things such as understanding their position and what is expected of the m, networking, keeping good interpersonal relationships and managing the time, demands and constraints of the activities going on in their level. Managers do play a very vital and pivotal role in the organization as they are the main link that ropes together the different people and their departments and holds it together as an integral whole. In today’s organizations, the post of manager is critical because each level needs skills and capacity to satisfy this position. Some of the different managerial levels include Supervising, Decision making and Planning, Monitoring, Controlling, Coordinating, Consulting, and Administering. Each of these levels comes with a job responsibility and accountability and unless their skills and capabilities are adequate enough for a particular level, it is not possible to make a success of it. ideas for making progress as a whole.